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HGRTEST procedure

Calculates likelihood tests for random terms in a hierarchical generalized linear model (R.W. Payne, Y. Lee, J.A. Nelder & M. Noh).

Options

PRINT = string token Controls printed output (tests); default test
LMETHOD = string token Whether to use exact likelihood or extended quasi likelihood to obtain the y-variate and weights for the dispersion model (exact, eql); default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
DMETHOD = string token Method to use for the adjusted profile likelihood when calculating the likelihood statistics (automatic, lrv); default auto
EMETHOD = string token Extrapolation method to use (aitken, adjustedaitken); default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
MLAPLACEORDER = scalar Order of Laplace approximation to use in the estimation of the mean model (0 or 1); default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
DLAPLACEORDER = scalar Order of Laplace approximation to use in the estimation of the dispersion components (0, 1 or 2); default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
MAXCYCLE = scalars Maximum number of iterations of the hierarchical generalized linear model fits, and maximum number of iterations in the fitting of the mean and dispersion models; default 99,50
EXIT = scalar Exit status (0 for success, 1 for failure to converge for any of the random terms)
TOLERANCE = scalar Criterion for convergence; default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
ETOLERANCE = scalar Maximum size of ratio of the original to the new estimates allowed in Aitken extrapolation; default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
GROUPTERM = formula Random term to use as groups when fitting the augmented mean model; default is to use the same setting as in the original analysis
SAVE = pointer Save structure from the original analysis

Parameters

TERMS = formula Terms to test
TESTSTATISTIC = pointer or scalar Saves the test statistics
DF = pointer or scalar Saves the degrees of freedom

Description

HGRTEST is one of several procedures with the prefix HG, which provide tools for fitting the hierarchical and double hierarchical generalized linear models (HGLMs and DHGLMs) defined by Lee & Nelder (1996, 2001, 2006) and described by Lee, Nelder & Pawitan (2006). The models are defined by the HGFIXEDMODEL, HGRANDOMMODEL and HGDRANDOMMODEL procedures, and fitted by the HGANALYSE procedure. HGRTEST allows you to print or save likelihood tests for terms in the random model of a hierarchical generalized linear model.

By default, HGRTEST produces tests for every random term. However, you can use the TERMS parameter to request tests for a specific set of terms.

The TESTSTATISTIC parameter can save the statistics, and the DF parameter can save their numbers of degrees of freedom. If you are making a test for a single term, you can supply a scalar for each of these parameters. However, if you have several terms, you must supply a pointer which will then be set up to contain as many scalars as there are terms.

The tests are made by calculating the change in the profile likelihood Pβ,v(h) as the term concerned is dropped from the random model. So, HGRTEST needs to refit the model with the revised random model. The LMETHOD, DMETHOD, EMETHOD, MLAPLACEORDER, DLAPLACEORDER, MAXCYCLE, TOLERANCE, ETOLERANCE and GROUPTERM options control how the fitting is done, and the likelihood is calculated. These all operate exactly as in the HGANALYSE procedure. The default for DMETHOD is automatic, and the default for MAXCYCLE= is 99,50. For the other options the defaults are to use the same settings as in the HGANALYSE command that performed the original analysis.

By default, the random terms are dropped from the most recent HGLM analysis, but you can use the SAVE option to supply the save structure from some earlier analysis.

One point to note is that we are testing the random terms against a null hypothesis (that they have zero variance components) which is on the boundary of the parameter space. To allow for this, Lee, Nelder & Pawitan (2006, p. 219) suggest using the critical value for twice the required significance probability or, equivalently, dividing the chi-square probabilities by two. This is not done in the procedure, but is something to bear in mind when assessing the results.

Options: PRINT, LMETHOD, DMETHOD, EMETHOD, MLAPLACEORDER, DLAPLACEORDER, MAXCYCLE, EXIT, TOLERANCE, ETOLERANCE, GROUPTERM, SAVE.

Parameters: TERMS, TESTSTATISTIC, DF.

Method

The HGLM is refitted omitting each of the random terms of interest, and its effect is assessed using the change in the profile likelihood -2 × Pβ,v(h), as suggested by Lee & Nelder (2006).

References

Lee, Y., & Nelder, J.A. (1996). Hierarchical generalized linear models (with discussion). Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 58, 619-678.

Lee, Y., & Nelder, J.A. (2001). Hierarchical generalized linear models: a synthesis of generalised linear models, random-effect models and structured dispersions. Biometrika, 88, 987-1006.

Lee, Y. & Nelder, J.A. (2006). Double hierarchical generalized linear models (with discussion). Appl. Statist., 55, 139-185.

Lee, Y., Nelder, J.A. & Pawitan, Y. (2006). Generalized Linear Models with Random Effects: Unified Analysis via H-likelihood. Chapman and Hall, Boca Raton.

See also

Procedures: HGANALYSE, HGDISPLAY, HGDRANDOMMODEL, HGFIXEDMODEL, HGFTEST, HGGRAPH, HGKEEP, HGNONLINEAR, HGPLOT, HGPREDICT, HGRANDOMMODEL, HGSTATUS, HGWALD.

Commands for: Regression analysis.

Example

CAPTION  'HGFTEST example',!t(\
         'Breaking angles of cake baked from 3 recipes at 10 temperatures',\
         '(Cochran & Cox, 1957, Experimental Designs, page 300).',\
         'Data values are assumed to follow a GLM with a gamma distribution',\
         'and reciprocal link. The linear predictor contains additional',\
         'random variables, with inverse gamma distributions and reciprocal',\
         'link, for replicates and batches of cake mixture.');\
         STYLE=meta,plain
FACTOR   [NVALUES=270; LEVELS=3] Recipe
&        [LEVELS=15] Replicate
&        [LEVELS=!(175,185...225)] Temperature
GENERATE Recipe,Replicate,Temperature
VARIATE  [NVALUES=270] Angle
READ     Angle
42 46 47 39 53 42 47 29 35 47 57 45 32 32 37 43 45 45
26 32 35 24 39 26 28 30 31 37 41 47 24 22 22 29 35 26
26 23 25 27 33 35 24 33 23 32 31 34 24 27 28 33 34 23
24 33 27 31 30 33 33 39 33 28 33 30 28 31 27 39 35 43
29 28 31 29 37 33 24 40 29 40 40 31 26 28 32 25 37 33
39 46 51 49 55 42 35 46 47 39 52 61 34 30 42 35 42 35
25 26 28 46 37 37 31 30 29 35 40 36 24 29 29 29 24 35
22 25 26 26 29 36 26 23 24 31 27 37 27 26 32 28 32 33
21 24 24 27 37 30 20 27 33 31 28 33 23 28 31 34 31 29
32 35 30 27 35 30 23 25 22 19 21 35 21 21 28 26 27 20
46 44 45 46 48 63 43 43 43 46 47 58 33 24 40 37 41 38
38 41 38 30 36 35 21 25 31 35 33 23 24 33 30 30 37 35
20 21 31 24 30 33 24 23 21 24 21 35 24 18 21 26 28 28
26 28 27 27 35 35 28 25 26 25 38 28 24 30 28 35 33 28
28 29 43 28 33 37 19 22 27 25 25 35 21 28 25 25 31 25 :
FACPRODUCT    !p(Replicate,Recipe); Batch
HGFIXEDMODEL  [DISTRIBUTION=gamma; LINK=reciprocal] Recipe*Temperature
HGRANDOMMODEL [DISTRIBUTION=inversegamma; LINK=reciprocal] Replicate+Batch
HGANALYSE     Angle
HGRTEST
Updated on June 19, 2019

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